卡尔逊《寂静的春天》让我们知道了杀虫剂的危害，今天，当年她呼吁的环境问题解决了吗?是减缓了还是加重了?今年新版的《毒化的春天》将告诉你很多不为知晓的内幕!
Poison Spring: The Secret History of Pollution and the E.P.A.毒化的春天：污染秘史与美国环境保护署Vallianatos, E. G. (author) and McKay Jenkins (author).伊瓦格罗斯·瓦连纳托斯()与麦凯·詹金斯()
出版日期：2014年4月
2014年3月13日邮件写给中国政府部门、出版社与读者们的话
首先，非常感谢关于转基因食品的电视纪录片。及时、富有洞察力、平衡的观察，制作的非常好。向你与崔永元表示祝贺。
“毒化的春天”与中国相关。
这部书对化学产业与农业产业以及政府决策官员们滥用权力进行了谴责。
权力的滥用加速了水、食物与自然界的污染。这种不负责任的行为的结果在民众与动物中，特别野生动物中，造成疾病与死亡。
这样的影响在中国也非常显然，因为中国也在对其原始的农业实行工业化。
中国也在效仿西方/美国环境监管模式，包括效仿这种模式的主要缺陷。
这种监管模式的缺陷之一是依赖危害所有生命的农药、石化产品。
这种监管模式的第二个缺陷是，各国政府，中国政府也可能同样，依赖于产业界测试自己产品的安全性。
“毒化的春天”记录了依赖于产业界测试自己产品安全性的政策为什么有害。
企业公司要从自己的化学产品获利，他们对他们测试的情况不会完全诚实。中国应当中国应该废化学除草剂、杀虫剂。但是如果有必要使用某些除草剂、杀虫剂，应当由政府机构负责对这些化学品的测试。
最后，“毒化的春天”论证“环境保护”对健康、声明、国家与世界安全至关重要。
污染意味着死亡，有时是立即死亡，但是，最大部分情况，是长期缓慢死亡。
这本书同时介绍小规模家庭农场如何成为摆脱对饮水与食物过量污染的最好方法。
中国具有小农场荣耀的和古老传统。中国小农场农民拥有不用农药或者仅使用很少量农药解决全国食物需要的所有农业生态知识。此外，小规模农户生产能力强非常有效。中国发展生态农业不需要任何外国模式。
由于这些理由，“毒化的春天”所谈的正是中国面临的现实。我推荐你们翻译并且在中国出版这部著作。
瓦连纳托斯在他的书《毒化的春天》对美国环境保护署进行揭露
托尼·米特拉，2014年6月6日
《毒性的春天》：伊瓦格罗斯·瓦连纳托斯
As the title says, Evaggelos Vallianatos, along with Mr. M. Jenkins co-authored the book on EPA, and how the organization has been literally captured by the toxic chemical industry, to the disadvantage of the average American, and by extension, of the people the world over.
如书名所言，伊瓦格罗斯·瓦连纳托斯，及其合M·杰金斯一起撰写了关于美国环境保护署(EPA)的这部著作，揭示EPA如何实际上被毒性化学产业绑架与操控，不仅不利于普通美国人民，而且不利于更大范围世界人民。
I found the book very useful to understand how toxic chemicals get approved and how much of a clout the industry has over the regulatory mechanism.
对于理解毒性化学品如何获得批准，理解产业界对监管机制有多么巨大的影响力。
So much so that approached Evaggelos Vallianatos for a phone interview, even if I was not very successful in pronouncing his first name accurately.
为此我联系了伊瓦格罗斯·瓦连纳托斯，进行了一次电话采访，尽管我念他的名字不太成功。
He agreed and we had a talk a few days ago.
他同意，我们几天前进行了谈话。
Here are the basic points:
谈话的要点如下：
l The prevailing culture in EPA was to pretty much let the chemical industry to run the show.
l 美国环境保护署(EPA)中目前的文化基本上是让化学产业主导其工作。
l The Government has been captured by the industry, and EPA is simply an example.
l 政府被产业界绑架，EPA更是这方面实例。
l EPA is too important to be allowed to be dominated by such outside forces.
l EPA的职责太重要了，不能够允许它受到外部势力的垄断。
l Decision made in EPA are questionable due to the influence that comes from the Congress, from the White House and directly from the Chemical Industry.
l EPA内部做出的决定令人之一，因为这些决定受到的来自国会、来自白宫以及直接来自化学产业的影响。
l Credibility of science has been damaged due to the history of fraud in the testing of these toxic chemicals for decades.
l 几十年来对这些毒性化学品试验中造假的历史，使科学的可信度遭到破坏。
l The climate of fear, and acceptance of outside influence, is still pervasive.
l 恐惧的氛围以及接受外部影响，依然普遍。
l America aught to reject the current EPA and redesign it as an independent organization, with a wall of protection from the industry so the scientists would feel secure and confident that their work and decisions are to be made on reliable and untampered data.
l 美国应当放弃目前的EPA，将它重新设计为一个独立的机构，建立防止产业界干预的防火墙，使科学家从事工作时能够感到安全与有信心，使他们的工作与决定能够基于可靠没有受到扭曲的资料。
l Also, the EPA or the Government needs to create a set of independent laboratories to test all these chemicals before they get into the market, and not rely on labs under control of the industry.
l 此外，EPA或者政府需要创建一组独立实验室，对这些化学品进入市场前进行试验，而不是依赖受到产业控制的实验室。
l Credibility of the industry right now is as good as zero. Nobody trusts it’s findings. He himself would not trust them because of what he has seen in EPA.
l 对产业界自己进行的试验的信任度目前为零。没有人信任他们试验的结果。伊瓦格罗斯本人，由于他在EPA内部看到的情况，也不能相信产业界自己进行的试验。
l This is very important because this not only affects the people of America, but also of Canada and pretty much of the industrial world and beyond.
l 这非常重要，因为这种状况不仅影响美国人民，而且影响加拿大人民，还很大程度上影响整个工业化世界与更多人民。
l This system needs to be reformed, and its workings set right, and the industry needs to be kept away from interfering with the work of this agency.
l 这个系统需要改革，他们的工作必须纠正，必须防止产业界干预EPA的工作。
l We need to raise awareness by speaking about it, in Canada, in USA and elsewhere, in order to raise public awareness to the level where it can make an impact.
l 我们必须通过谈论这些问题提高人们的认识，在加拿大、在美国以及其他地方，将公众认识的水平提高到能够施加改革影响的程度。
l IT has been 53 years since Rachel Carson wrote Silent Spring. There should be no need now to re-state the problem, and we are still tackling with the same old problem albeit with a new breed of toxicity.
l 雷切尔·卡森写《寂静的春天》到现在已经53年。目前原本不需要重新提出这些问题，虽然我们我们仍在解决新一代毒性化学品造成的相同老问题。
l SPAN book TV has interviewed Dr. Vallianatos to be broadcast soon – and people are encouraged to see it.
l 一家书评电视台已经采访了伊瓦格罗斯，很快播放 -- 鼓励人们看这个节目。
l Eggevelos Vallianatos would love to speak to Canadians on this.
l 伊瓦格罗斯·瓦连纳托斯非常愿意向加拿大公众做介绍。
l He believes, if we have to select just a handful of pesticides that should be that should be removed immediately, we might kick our 2,4-D and Glyphosate.
l 他相信，如果我们选择需要立即禁止的少数农药的化，我们应当优先考虑2,4-D和草甘膦。
l When EPA banned 2,4,5-T, they likely made a secret agreement with Dow not to touch 2,4-D since it was so popular.
l EPA禁止2,4,5-T时，他们与陶化学公司达成了秘密协议：不碰2,4-D，因为它销售太普遍。
l Glyphosate in Roundup is used for decades and there are some experts that believe it will destroy American agriculture. We don’t think such extremely toxic substances should be in our environment.
l 草甘膦除草剂农达中的草甘膦已经使用了几十年，某些专家认为草甘膦将毁灭美国农业。我认为这样非常毒性的物质不应当进入我们的环境。
l Moms Across America has some young mothers test their breast milk and found traces of Glyphosate in them. Imagine the feeling of the mothers when they know they might poison their babies through breast feeding !!
l 《妈妈们纵横美国》的一些年轻母亲们检测了她们的母乳，发现有草甘膦残留。你们相像一下这些母亲的感受，知道她们可能通过母乳喂奶毒害她们的宝宝，她们是什么感受!!
l There is science papers out there already about how bad these toxins are for many animals and even humans. And now it is in mothers milk.
l 已经发表了许多科学论文，让人们知道这些毒素对许多动物甚至人类有多么大危害。甚至母乳中现在都有了其残留。
l Governments should ban it. There is enough good food possible through organic clean agriculture. There is no need for this toxic model.
l 政府应当禁绝草甘膦。通过有机的干净的农业，我们完全可能有足够的好的食品。这样的毒性模式完全没有必要。
l So why is this toxic industry surviving? Not to provide nutrition or kill insects do any favour to nature or people, Vallianatos argues. They survive so a small number of corporations can have a mega empire.
l 为什么这样的毒性产业还能够生存?不是为了提供营养，杀死害虫对向自然界或者民众有什么益处，瓦连纳托斯强调。这些毒素继续生存仅为了少数公司能够保持其巨型帝国。
l Advise to Canadians – start eating organic food. Doing so you avoid GMO, you avoid pesticide, you avoid sludge, radiation, and other synthetic chemicals. Then, start influencing others to do the same. Join environment protection groups. Then try to organize bigger groups to influence the politics of your region and your nation.
l 对加拿大人的建议 -- 首先应当开始吃有机食品。这样做你能够避免转基因，避免农药、避免工业污泥、放射性以及其他合成化学品的危害。然后开始影响其他人也吃有机食品。参加环境保护团体。然后，努力组织更大的团体影响你们地区性以及你们国家的相关政治决策。
《亚马逊》书评：“餐馆菜单如果列出食物含氯代烃类杀虫剂，你会怎么办?”
http://www.amazon.com/Poison-Spring-Secret-History-Pollution/dp/1608199142
Imagine walking into a restaurant and finding chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides, or neonicotinoid insecticides listed in the description of your entree. They may not be printed in the menu, but many are in your food.
相像一下，你走进一家餐厅，发现菜单上某些菜的说明说这道菜含氯代烃类残留，那道菜含烟碱类杀虫剂杀虫剂残留，你会是什么感觉。实际上，菜单中没有这样的注明，但你吃的许多食物中确实有。
These are a few of the literally millions of pounds of approved synthetic substances dumped into the environment every day, not just in the US but around the world.
这只是每天倾泻到环境中数百万磅经过批准的化合物中的几种，不仅仅在美国，而且在全世界各地。
They seep into our water supply, are carried thousands of miles by wind and rain from the site of application, remain potent long after they are deposited, and constitute.
这些化合物渗入我们的水供应系统，风和雨把它们从喷洒地携带到数千英里之外，它们被丢弃与构成后很长时间保持其强大毒性作用。
In the words of one scientist, “biologic death bombs with a delayed time fuse and which may prove to be, in the long run, as dangerous to the existence of mankind as the arsenal of atom bombs.”
如一位科学家所说，“生物死亡炸弹带有一个延迟起启动引信，长期而言，它们对人类生存的危险性不亚于核武器库。”
All of these poisons are sanctioned--or in some cases, ignored--by the EPA.
所有这些毒素都得到美国环境保护署的认可，或某些情况下被他们忽略。
For twenty-five years E.G. Vallianatos saw the EPA from the inside, with rising dismay over how pressure from politicians and threats from huge corporations were turning it from the public's watchdog into a "polluter's protection agency."
E·G·瓦连纳托斯从内部对美国环保管理署(EPA)观察了25年，亲眼看到EPA在政治家们的压力下与巨头公司的威胁下如何从公共监察机构堕落为“污染保护机构”，让他越来越沮丧。
Based on his own experience, the testimony of colleagues, and hundreds of documents Vallianatos collected inside the EPA, Poison Spring reveals how the agency has continually reinforced the chemical-industrial complex.
基于他自己的经验，同事们的证词，以及瓦连纳托斯在EPA内部收集到的数百个文件，“毒化的春天”揭露EPA如何不断强化了化学--产业体。
Writing with acclaimed environmental journalist McKay Jenkins, E.G. Vallianatos provides a devastating exposé of how the agency created to protect Americans and our environment has betrayed its mission.
与著名的环境记者麦凯·詹金斯一起撰写这本书，E·G·瓦连纳托斯致命揭露了为了保护美国人与我们的环境美国环境保护署如何从背叛了其宗旨。
Half a century after Rachel Carson's Silent Spring awakened us to the dangers of pesticides, we are poisoning our lands and waters with more toxic chemicals than ever.
雷切尔·卡森《寂静的春天》让我们醒悟农药的危险后半个世纪，我们正在用毒性严重的多的化学品毒化我们的土地和水。
《新书目在线》书评：
Two outstanding environmental writers team up to tell the excoriating story of catastrophic collusion between the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the chemical industry.
两位知名的环境保护保护作家结伴揭露环境影保护署(EPA)与化学产业之间灾难性勾结的故事。
Vallianatos worked for the EPA from 1979 to 2004 and witnessed the systematic undermining of the agency’s mission to set standards for environmental and health safety by major chemical manufacturers whose ruthless lobbying strategies were as insidious as the ecologically disastrous pesticides they aggressively promoted and brazenly misused.
瓦连纳托斯从1979年到2004年为EPA工作了25年，亲眼目睹对环境与健康安全性设立标准的环境保护署的职责如何遭到主要化学企业集团系统性的破坏，他们无情的游说策略像他们厚颜无耻大力推广的生态灾难杀虫剂一样阴险。
The title of this jaw-dropping exposé is a riff on Rachel Carson’s 1963 landmark protest of the use of DDT, Silent Spring.
这部令人惊叹揭露专著的题目仿效自雷切尔·卡森1963年抗议使用DDT里程碑意义的《寂静的春天》。
The carefully documented crimes and betrayals Poison Spring reveals unfold on two fronts.
《毒化的春天》从两个方面展开与翔实记录一系列犯罪与背叛。
Most alarming are the harrowing facts about the thousands of deadly synthetic chemicals that have for decades been released into the biosphere and which we continually absorb, from dioxin to agrochemical nerve gas to the weed killer Roundup.
最为令人警觉的是数千种致命毒素化合物释放到生物圈中几十年悲惨事实，我们至今还在吸收二恶英到农业化学神经毒气到草甘膦除草剂农达。
Vallianatos and Jenkins explain the science behind these poisons and their many dire effects, from cancer to the death of honeybee colonies.
瓦连纳托斯与詹金斯解释了这些毒素后边的科学及其一系列可怕的影响，从致癌到蜜蜂群死亡。
Equally appalling is the silencing of heroic EPA whistle--blowers, fraudulent scientific studies, and the hijacking of the democratic process.
同样令人震惊的是揭露环境保护署使英勇的举报者沉默、欺骗性的科学研究，以及对民主进程的劫持。
In this riveting indictment, Vallianatos and Jenkins valiantly divulge the blinding greed and unfathomable stupidity behind these unconscionable lies and travesties—assaults against the very fabric of life.
这些引人入胜的控诉中瓦连纳托斯与詹金斯勇敢地披露这些不合理谎言背后炫目的贪婪和深不可测的愚蠢和悲剧 -- 攻击损害生命的根基。
A resounding call for genuine and sustained environmental responsibility.
这部著作对真正和持续的环保责任发出响亮的呼唤。
— Donna Seaman
-- 多娜·希曼
Publishers Weekly：Review
美国《出版者周报》书评：
http://www.publishersweekly.com/978-1-60819-914-3
Vallianatos, after a 25-year stint at the Environmental Protection Agency, pulls back the curtain on the watchdog agency’s failure to guard public safety and monitor land use due to steady erosion of its enforcement practices. With environmental journalist Jenkins he blasts the EPA’s ineptitude since its 1970 inception, intensely pressured as it is by politicians and corporations to approve the use of synthetic chemicals without proper testing—“biologic death bombs” in the air, water, and in our bodies.
瓦连纳托斯，在美国环境保护署工作了25年之后，揭开了掩盖真相的幕布，揭露这个监管机构的执法实践如何遭到持续侵蚀，背叛了其保护公众安全和监测土地利用的职责。
The EPA, through its Congressional mandate, enforces more than a dozen environmental laws, yet it has approved hundreds of pesticides that have been used unnecessarily, excessively, or which have been outright abused, the book contends.
美国环境保护署(EPA)，通过国会授权，强制执行一系列环境保护法规，然而正是EPA批准了原本不必要或者从一开始滥用的数百种农药，这本书说。
Vallianatos does give the agency credit for the hard-fought ban on DDT that was opposed by the chemical companies and pesticide apologists.
瓦连纳托斯对EPA争取到遭到化学公司与农药辩护者反对禁绝DDT的斗争给与肯定。
He also explores the causes of the dwindling honeybee population and the loss of the traditional family farms to the aggressive corporate giants, as well as the repression of EPA whistleblowers squashed by a code of silence and lack of access to information.
瓦连纳托斯还探索了蜜蜂群减少与传统家庭农场急剧减少的根源，认为侵略性公司巨头是罪魁，其他原因包括环境保护署压抑的环境、举报者被沉默以及有关信息被掩盖无法接触。
The authors tout healthier living through small, nontoxic family farms while delivering an alarming, comprehensive account of a “fatally compromised” EPA mission crippled by bad enforcement practices and numerous corrupting influences. (Apr.)
两位通过不使用毒性农药的小规模家庭农场的实力宣传健康的生活方式，同时揭露遭到惊人、全面“致命的损害”的环境保护署败坏的执法实践及其大量腐蚀性影响。
KIRKUS REVIEW
《KIRKUS评论》书评
https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/eg-vallianatos/poison-spring/
“We spend our lives living in a chemical soup,” writes Vallianatos (This Land Is Their Land: How Corporate Farms Threaten the World, 2006, etc.), who was a risk evaluator for the Environment Protection Agency from 1979 to 2004.
“我们终身生活在化学毒汤中”，瓦连纳托斯写道，他从1979年到2004年在美国环境保护署(EPA)担任风险评估科学家工作，著有《这个土地是他们的土地：工业化公司农场如何威胁世界》(2006)等著作。
With Jenkins (Journalism/Univ. of Delaware; What’s Gotten Into Us: Staying Healthy in a Toxic World, 2011), he excoriates the agency for routinely yielding to outside pressure in regulating pesticides and other environmental pollutants.
与詹金斯一起谴责美国环境保护署在杀虫剂和其他环境污染物监管中不断屈服外界压力。(詹金斯：新闻学/特拉华大学;2011年出版《什么进入了我们体内：在毒性世界保持健康》)
Founded in 1970, the EPA inherited Department of Agriculture personnel who brought their enthusiasm for chemical farming. Dedicated scientists arrived, but their findings are never the last word. That belongs to their superiors, who weigh evidence of an agent’s toxicity against industry spokesmen and fierce opposition of administration and Congress to “burdensome government regulation” and “attacks on the farmer.”
1970年建立的环境保护署，继承了原先农业部热衷于化学农业的一批人员。也吸收了一批专业的科学家，但是他们发现的问题在决策中得不到体现。做出决策的是他们的上级，他们将揭露产业界发言人的化学制剂毒性的证据，以及政府管理部门与国会激烈的反对，视为“繁重的政府监管”与“对农民的攻击”。
The authors recite a depressing litany of poisons approved despite damning, inadequate or fraudulent testing—and often no testing at all.
列举一系列令人沮丧的实际是毒药的化学品尽管遭到咒骂依然获得环境保护署批准，对它们的试验不仅不足或进行了欺骗性的试验 -- 甚至往往根本没有进行任何测试。
EPA whistle-blowers, always portrayed as heroes, are usually ignored, demoted or fired.
美国环境保护署的举报者，往往被民众描绘为英雄，通常遭到忽略、降职或解职。
Although President Ronald Reagan’s effort to abolish the EPA failed, he weakened it dramatically. Abolition remains the goal of many Republicans, while Democrats oppose this plan.
尽管罗纳德·里根总统废止环境保护署的努力遭到失败，他依然严重削弱了它。废止环境保护署始终成为许多共和党人的目标，民主党人则反对这样的计划。
However, Democratic presidents, Barack Obama included, have proven a disappointment. Sadly, a minority of environmentalists excepted, Americans rarely pester their representatives about this subject or contribute to their campaigns. Agribusinesses and chemical manufacturers do both.
然而，民主党的总统，包括巴拉克·奥巴马，一直表明对环境保护署的不满。不幸的是，除了少数环保主义者之外，美国人很少纠缠他们的议会代表对这个主题或他们推动环境保护的运动予以重视。
Even an impartial EPA official—rare in this damning indictment—hears mostly one side of an argument.
甚至一位公正负责任的环境保护署官员在绝大部分情况下只能听到争议事件单方面的意见 -- 强烈控诉中这极为罕见。
In the obligatory how-to-fix-it conclusion, Vallianatos and Jenkins suggest that the EPA should be run like the Food and Drug Administration and Federal Reserve—by experts, not political appointees. This is not likely.
探讨如何解决问题的结论章节中瓦连纳托斯与詹金斯提议，美国环境保护署应当像食品药物管理署与联邦储备银行那样运行 -- 由专家，而非政治性指派者管理。尽管这不大可能实现。
Readers of this overheated but often on-the-mark polemic will conclude that the safest tactic is organic food and a fly swatter.
这场过热但往往有的放矢论证的读者们会结论，最安全的策略是有机食品和准备一个苍蝇拍。
《毒化的春天：污染秘史与美国环保署》的简介
https://www.netgalley.com/catalog/show/id/41926
E. G. Vallianatosis the author of five books, including Harvest of Devastation and This Land is Their Land, as well as more than two hundred articles, including pieces in Alternet.org and Truth-Out.org. He is also a blogger for the Huffington Post. He worked in risk evaluation at the EPA for twenty-five years, and now lives in Claremont, California.
E·G·瓦连纳托斯是五部书的，包括《收获灾难》与《这个土地是他们的土地》，以及两百多篇文章的，包括在开放式学术刊物Alternet.org 与Truth-Out.org上发表的多篇论文。他同时为《赫芬顿邮报》担任博客专栏。他在美国环境保护署工作了25年，从事风险评价工作。他居住在加利福尼亚州Claremont市。
His coauthor McKay Jenkins has been writing about humans and the natural world for just as long. His most recent book, What’s Gotten Into Us: Staying Healthy in a Toxic World, was hailed as “a Silent Spring for the human body” by Richard Preston, author of The Hot Zone. Jenkins is the Cornelius Tilghman Professor of English, Journalism, and Environmental Humanities at the University of Delaware, where he has won the Excellence in Teaching Award.
合作麦凯·詹金斯二十多年来长期写作关于人类与自然界的文章。他最近出版的著作《什么进入了我们的体内：在毒性世界保持健康》，被理查德·普勒斯顿赞扬为“人体的情悄悄的春天”，普勒斯顿为畅销书《热区域》的。詹金斯在特拉华大学英语、新闻学与人文环境学教授，获得“优异教授”奖，与Cornelius Tilghman齐名。
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