美国革命共产党发布新宪法呼吁建立社会主义美国!
http://fast.daqi.com/25060999.html
本月10日，激进的美国革命共产党想出解决美国困境的新方法：那就是推翻政府，推行新宪法。规模不大的革命共产党主动联系了媒体，公布了《北美新社会主义共和国宪章（草案）》。
同一天，革命共产党在声明中承诺，“新宪法”将扮演带头角色，“建立并带领我们走向完全不同，更加美好的共产主义社会。”
美国极端保守的政治人物与媒体人士，常把民主党总统奥巴马的自由主义倾向，形容成社会主义或共产主义。但是，革命共产党并不把奥巴马视为革命同志。
“新宪法”称：北美新社会主义共和国在是统一战线在无产阶级领导的战略方向的延续，在新的社会，无产阶级的利益相一致，作为一个阶级，最根本和最大的意义，取消一切剥削，并通过遍布世界的革命斗争实现这一目标，共产主义原则的完美体现。社会主义新共和国在北美，像所有的国家，是一个阶级的独裁，专政，即无产阶级专政的形式，这意味着，在其本质特征及其基本原理，结构，体制和政治进程中，它必须体现和服务其所有目标的无产阶级，它的开发是对资本主义的财富和资本主义社会的运作积累的发动机，其解放的条件，只能通过共产主义革命带来的根本利益关系消灭剥削和压迫，实现全人类的解放。
美国革命共产党被称作美国国内目前最大的“毛主义”组织。它是受中国“文革”影响成立的。该组织的前身是1968年由美国一些青年学生在加利福尼亚州建立的“湾区革命联盟“。1971年，”湾区革命联盟“召开全国代表大会，改称”革命联盟“，1975年9月，”革命联盟“又改称”革命共产党“。该党成立之初，有党员近1000人， 1977年最鼎盛时达到2000人左右。
至今，该党的指导思想一直没有发生根本变化，仍然主张在美国发动由工人阶级领导的暴力革命，通过武装夺权来使美国走上社会主义道路。1978年前后，主要因为对中国问题看法上的分歧，“美革共”发生分裂，成员逐渐减少。到上世纪80年代末，党员人数大约只有成立时的一半。根据有关资料，近年来，“美革共”的党员有所增加，在20来个城市设有支部。该党自建立后，总部一直设在芝加哥。现任领导人罗伯特.阿瓦基安，1943年出生，是该党的创建人之一。
据本博秦全耀回忆，早在上世纪文革时，中国的媒体就常常报道美国革命共产党。但老秦要提示一句美国革命共产党不是美国共产党。美国共产党当时被骂成是修正主义。苏东剧变使美国共产党跌入了低谷，但美共中央坚持不改党名，不变党性，从组织和思想上保全了党。美国共产党一直认为社会主义建设要基于美国民主传统之上，把民主作为社会主义的核心和本质特征。在党章修改前后美共围绕“社会主义权利法案”的问题展开了非常活跃的讨论。党的主席韦伯提醒全党不要把“社会主义权利法案”变成陈词滥调，也不要把它变成新的颂歌。
美共究竟有多少党员，美共没有正式宣布，估计的数字很不相同，有的说有1.5万人，有的说7000人左右，有的说4000人左右，而有的则说1500人，但无论哪个数字较准确，对于美国共产党来说，要想在美国社会中发挥重要作用并通过投票箱实现社会主义，目前党的力量还是远远不够的。
美国共产党在上届的美国总统选举中，没有提出自己的总统候选人，而是号召党员及其支持者投奥巴马一票，而美国革命共产党抵制总统选举，在奥巴马当选后，则极力反对政府和各种改革措施，继续鼓吹暴力革命。
附1：美国革命共产党网站：
http://www.revcom.us/socialistconstitution/index.html
附2：美国革命共产党《北美新社会主义共和国宪章（草案）》
The New Socialist Republic in North America could only have beenbrought into being as a result of heroic, self-sacrificing strugglecarried out by millions and millions of people who had been forcedto live under a system of exploitation and oppression in the formerUnited States of America; who could no longer tolerate thecontinual outrages and injustices perpetrated by the system ofcapitalism-imperialism and the structures and institutions of powerand repression which enforced all this with violence and brutalityas well as lies and deception; who refused to any longer acceptthat this was the best possible society and world, and wereincreasingly aware of and inspired by the possibility of aradically different and better society and world; and who thereforerose up, with the leadership of the Revolutionary Communist Party,to defeat, abolish and dismantle the imperialist system in theformer USA and its institutions and apparatus of repression andviolence. At the same time, this new socialist state could onlyhave resulted from a whole process of revolutionary work andstruggle, in the realm of theory as well as practical-politicalactivity, by the Revolutionary Communist Party, acting as thevanguard of the revolutionary process, to enable both the Partyitself and growing numbers of broader masses to prepare for andthen to seize on the emergence of a revolutionary situation, todefeat and dismantle the forces of the old, oppressive order, andestablish the new socialist state. In this whole process, theinteraction and mutual reinforcement between the vanguard role ofthe Revolutionary Communist Party–with its theoretical basis in thescience of communism and the further development of this sciencethrough the new synthesis brought forward by Bob Avakian–and thegrowing consciousness and increasingly determined struggle ofmasses of people, constitute a decisive element in the success ofthe revolution and the founding of the new, revolutionary socialiststate. The Constitution for the New Socialist Republic in NorthAmerica continues and gives further expression and initiative, inthe conditions of the new society, to the fundamental principlesand motive forces that constitute the basis for the establishmentof this new socialist state.
In contrast to the way in which the capitalist-imperialist stateserves and enforces the interests of a small ruling group ofexploiters, the New Socialist Republic in North America, with thecontinuing leadership of the Revolutionary Communist Party, basesitself on, and proceeds from, the fundamental interests of thosemost bitterly exploited and oppressed under the old system, and themasses of people broadly, and provides the means for them to playan increasingly widening role in the exercise of political powerand the functioning of society in accordance with thoseinterests–in order to carry forward the struggle to transformsociety, with the goal of uprooting and finally eliminating alloppressive and exploitative relations among human beings and thedestructive antagonistic conflicts to which these relations giverise.
This is a process and goal which, fundamentally and in the finalanalysis, can only be achieved on a global scale, with the advanceto communism throughout the world. The orientation and principlesof this state, as embodied in this Constitution, areinternationalist: While giving due emphasis to meeting thematerial, intellectual and cultural needs of the people within thisstate, on a continually expanding basis, and to promoting thefurther transformation of this society to continue uprooting socialinequalities and remaining aspects of exploitation and oppression,the socialist state must give fundamental priority to the advanceof the revolutionary struggle, and the final goal of communism,throughout the world, and must adopt and carry out policies andactions which are in accordance with and give concrete effect tothis internationalist orientation.
Regardless of differences, even very great and qualitativedifferences, in their political structures, institutions andguiding principles, all states have a definite social contentand class character: they are an expression of the prevailingsocial relations, and most fundamentally the economic relations(relations of production), which have a decisive and ultimatelydetermining role in regard to how the particular society functionsand is organized. The state serves to protect and expand thoserelations and to enforce the interests of the social group–theruling class–which holds the dominant position in society, as aresult of its role in the economy, and in particular its ownershipand control of the major means of production (including land, rawmaterials and other resources, technology and physical structuressuch as factories, and so on). In capitalist society, it is thecapitalist class which holds this dominant position: the governmentstructures and processes–and above all the organs of thestate as an instrument of class rule and suppression (thearmed forces, police, courts and prisons, the executive power, andthe bureaucracies)–are controlled by this capitalist class as ameans of exercising its rule over society and its repression offorces whose interests are in significant opposition to, and/orwhich resist, its rule. In short, all states are an instrument ofdictatorship–of a monopoly of political power, concentratedas a monopoly of "legitimate" armed force and violence–exercisedby, and in the interests of, one class or another. Any democracywhich is practiced in this situation is democracy on the terms of,and fundamentally serving the interests of, the ruling class andits exercise of dictatorship. And it will remain the case thatthere will be a state, and that the state will constitute adictatorship of one kind or another, serving the interests of oneruling class or another, so long as society is divided into classes(and other groups) with interests that are fundamentallyantagonistic–a division rooted in the underlying social relations,and above all the production relations, which predominate in thegiven society.
The New Socialist Republic in North America is, like all states,a form of dictatorship–the dictatorship of theproletariat–which means that, in its essential character andits basic principles, structures, institutions and politicalprocesses, it must give expression to and serve the fundamentalinterests of the proletariat, a class whose exploitation is theengine of the accumulation of capitalist wealth and the functioningof capitalist society and whose emancipation from its exploitedcondition can only be brought about through the communistrevolution, with its goal of abolishing all relations ofexploitation and oppression and achieving the emancipation ofhumanity as a whole. In accordance with this, the governing bodiesand processes of this socialist state, at all levels, must bevehicles for the furtherance of the communist revolution; and, as akey dimension of this, they must provide the means for those whowere exploited and oppressed in the old society–and wereeffectively locked out of the exercise of political power and thegovernance of society, as well as the spheres of intellectualendeavor and working with ideas overall–to increasingly take partin these spheres, with the aim of continually transforming societyin the direction of communism. All this is given expression throughthe principles and provisions, and the institutions, structures andprocesses which are set forth and provided for in thisConstitution.
At the same time, the New Socialist Republic in North America isa continuation of the strategic orientation of United Front underthe Leadership of the Proletariat, in the conditions of the newsociety which has been brought into being through the revolutionarystruggle. This means that, while it must be recognized that theessential nature, and the basic principles and processes, of thisRepublic are oriented in accordance with the interests of theproletariat, as a class, in the most fundamental and largestsense–abolishing all relations of exploitation and oppressionthrough the advance to communism throughout the world–the struggleto achieve this goal cannot be, and will not be, carried out simplyby PROLETARIANS, as some idealized "perfect embodiment of communistprinciples," and in some uniform and linear sense. As the newsynthesis brought forward by Bob Avakian has given emphasis to, theprocess of making revolution, and then continuing the revolution inthe new socialist state toward the final goal of communism, mustinvolve the active participation of broad ranks of the people, ofdifferent strata, and will proceed through many different"channels," involving many diverse forces among the people in manydifferent spheres of human endeavor, not only those more directlypolitical or relating more directly, at any given time, to thefunctioning and objectives of the leadership of the revolution andthe new socialist state; and the orientation and aim, consciouslytaken up by growing numbers of the people, must be to work so as toenable all this to contribute, in the final analysis, to thestruggle to further transform society in the direction ofcommunism.
In keeping with this orientation and these objectives, theprinciple of "solid core, with a lot of elasticity" must beapplied. This means that, on the one hand, there must be acontinually expanding force in society, with the revolutionarycommunist party as its leading element, which is firmly convincedof the need to advance to communism and deeply committed tocarrying forward this struggle, through all the difficulties andobstacles; and, on the basis of and at the same time as continuallystrengthening this "solid core," there must be provision and scopefor a wide diversity of thinking and activity, among peoplethroughout society, "going off in many different directions,"grappling and experimenting with many diverse ideas and programsand fields of endeavor–and once again all this must be "embraced"by the vanguard party and the "solid core" in an overall sense andenabled to contribute, through many divergent paths, to the advancealong a broad road toward the goal of communism. This orientationand approach is embodied in the Constitution for the New SocialistRepublic in North America .
The New Socialist Republic in North America is a multi-nationaland multi-lingual state, which is based on the principle ofequality between different nationalities and cultures and has asone of its essential objectives fully overcoming nationaloppression and inequality, which was such a fundamental part of theimperialist USA throughout its history. Only on the basis of theseprinciples and objectives can divisions among humanity by countryand nation be finally overcome and surpassed and a world communityof freely associating human beings be brought into being. Thisorientation is also embodied in the various institutions of thestate and in the functioning of the government in the New SocialistRepublic in North America .
The oppression of women arose together with the emergence ofexploitative class divisions among human beings thousands of yearsago, has been carried forward and become deeply entrenched in allsocieties ruled by exploiting classes, and was a marked feature ofthe imperialist United States of America and its domination andinfluence in the world. Abolishing and uprooting all this is one ofthe most important objectives of the New Socialist Republic inNorth America . This is expressed not only in full legal equalitybetween women and men, but beyond that in the declared orientationand policy of this Republic to overcome all "tradition’s chains"embodied in traditional gender roles and divisions, and all theoppressive relations bound up with this, in every sphere ofsociety, and to enable women, as fully as men, to take part in andcontribute to every aspect of the struggle to transform society,and the world, in order to uproot and abolish all relations ofoppression and exploitation and emancipate humanity as a whole.
In an overall sense, and in accordance with the principles andprovisions of this Constitution, the Revolutionary Communist Partyprovides leadership to the state and its key institutions. Membersof the Party, at all levels, dedicate themselves to upholding,propagating and implementing the Constitution of the Party as wellas the Constitution of the New Socialist Republic in North America.While there are differences between these two Constitutions–asaspects of the viewpoint, objectives and responsibilities of Partymembers, embodied in the Party Constitution, extend beyond what isset forth in the Constitution for the New Socialist Republic–thereis a fundamental unity between the principles of the twoConstitutions; the Party, and all its members, are accountable toand may not act in violation of, and on the contrary mustconsistently act on the basis of and in accordance with, theConstitution for the New Socialist Republic in North America.
As historical experience has demonstrated, socialist societywill–for a considerable period of time–contain, and in factregenerate, elements of exploitation, social inequality andoppression, which have been, unavoidably, inherited from the oldsociety and cannot be uprooted and abolished all at once, or soonafter the establishment of the socialist state. Further, there islikely to be a protracted period in which new socialist states comeinto existence in a situation where they are, to one degree oranother, encircled by imperialist and reactionary states, whichwill continue to exert significant influence and force, and mayeven occupy a dominant position in the world for some time. Thesefactors will, for a long time, repeatedly give rise to forceswithin socialist society itself, as well as within the parts of theworld still dominated by imperialism and reaction, which willattempt to overthrow any socialist states that exist and restorecapitalism there. And historical experience has also demonstratedthat, as a result of these contradictions, forces will emergewithin the vanguard party itself, including at its top levels,which will fight for lines and policies that will actually lead tothe undermining of socialism and the restoration of capitalism. Allthis underscores the importance of continuing the revolution withinsocialist society, and of doing so in the overall framework of therevolutionary struggle throughout the world and with theinternationalist orientation of giving fundamental priority to theadvance of this worldwide struggle toward the achievement ofcommunism, which is only possible on a world scale–and theimportance of struggle within the party itself, as well as insociety as a whole, to maintain and strengthen the revolutionarycharacter and role of the party, in keeping with itsresponsibilities to act as the leadership of the continuingrevolution toward the final goal of communism, and to defeatattempts to transform the party into its opposite, into a vehiclefor the restoration of the old, exploitative and oppressivesociety.
With the final abolition of class divisions and all otherexploitative and oppressive relations among people, throughout theworld, there will still remain a need for government, in the senseof providing an organized framework for decision-making and theadministration of the common affairs of the human beings who makeup society, on its various levels, and for the pursuit byindividuals and groups within society of their particularinclinations, preferences and concerns within the overallcooperative functioning and ethos of society. But the need and thebasis for a state–as an organ of class rule and of suppression ofclasses and groups antagonistically opposed to the rulingclass–will have been eliminated, and the state will have beenabolished. In these conditions, the basis and need for an organizedgroup of people exercising a disproportionate influence in thesphere of government, and in society overall, will also have beensurpassed, and vanguard parties, with a special role in thegovernance of society, will have been eliminated. Advancing to sucha communist society, bringing into being the conditions that makethat possible and achievable–through continuing revolutionarystruggle to transform all spheres of society, within a particularsocialist state and in the world as a whole–is the fundamental aimof the socialist state and of the vanguard party which plays aleading role within that state. While recognizing the complex andprotracted nature of the struggle to overcome the relations anddivisions which make a state and a vanguard necessary, thesocialist state and its leading party must, at every stage in thisprocess, not only propagate this goal but promote and give effectto concrete measures which lead in this direction.
The preceding constitutes the basis and foundation for theArticles that follow in this Constitution for the New SocialistRepublic in North America .
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