2013年10月10日,墨西哥市名义发表的新闻稿宣布在墨西哥禁绝转基因玉米。根据发布新闻稿的组织,拉·阔帕拉查,联邦法官,命令墨西哥的农业部长,以及环保部长,立即“终止涉及在墨西哥转基因玉米种植的一切活动,终止对实验性的以及商业化种植先导项目的批准。” 该项没有先例的禁令由墨西哥城民事事务第十二联邦地区法院发布。法官杰米·埃杜瓦·瓦杜果写了该项法律意见,并将“对环境造成迫在眉睫危害的风险”是该项决定的基础。法官的命令同时裁决,在公民、农民、科学家与公民社会团体发起的联合法律诉讼做出通过司法系统努力期间,禁止像孟山都与先锋这样的跨国公司在墨西哥乡下释放转基因玉米。该项裁决成为墨西哥公民实现“无转基因国”要求长期斗争的里程碑,雷尼·山彻斯·伽林多,诉讼原告方的法律补充说,该项裁决有严格的强制性条款,包括“对允许向墨西哥引入转基因玉米负责任的官员提出刑事罪”的可能性。【评论:向坚持不懈抵制转基因危害的英雄的墨西哥人民与站到人民立场下达禁绝令的法官致敬!墨西哥人民能够做到,中国人民也一定能够做到!】
Mexican judge bans GMO corn citing ‘imminent threat’
墨西哥法官禁绝转基因玉米指控“造成迫在眉睫威胁”!
转载与翻译:陈一文([email protected])
《转基因技术与人类安全》研究专家、80年代前全国青联委员
《新浪网》“陈一文顾问博客”:http://blog.sina.com.cn/cheniwan
转载自《食物自由新闻》网站:
http://foodfreedomgroup.com/2013/10/12/mexican-judge-bans-gmo-corn-citing-imminent-threat/
By Devon G. Peña Environmental & Food Justice
:迪文·G·佩纳环境与食物正义
About the author: Devon G. Peña is a lifelong activist in the environmental justice and resilient agriculture movements, Devon G. Peña is a Professor of American Ethnic Studies, Anthropology, and Environmental Studies at the University of Washington in Seattle.
关于:迪文·G·佩纳是环境性正义与适应性农业运动的一位终身活动家,任西雅图华盛顿大学美国种族研究、人类学以及环境性研究教授。
An October 10 press release with Mexico City byline announces the banning of genetically-engineered corn in Mexico.
2013年10月10日,墨西哥市名义发表的新闻稿宣布在墨西哥禁绝转基因玉米。
According to the group that issued the press release, La Coperacha, a federal judge has ordered Mexico’s SAGARPA(Secretaría de Agricultura, Ganadería, Desarrollo Rural, Pesca, y Alimentación), which is Mexico’s Secretary of Agriculture, and SEMARNAT (Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales), which is equivalent of the EPA, to immediately “suspend all activities involving the planting of transgenic corn in the country and end the granting of permission for experimental and pilot commercial plantings”.
根据发布新闻稿的组织,拉·阔帕拉查,联邦法官,命令墨西哥的农业部长,以及环保部长,立即“终止涉及在墨西哥转基因玉米种植的一切活动,终止对实验性的以及商业化种植先导项目的批准。”
The unprecedented ban was granted by the Twelfth Federal District Court for Civil Matters of Mexico City. Judge Jaime Eduardo Verdugo J. wrote the opinion and cited “the risk of imminent harm to the environment” as the basis for the decision.
该项没有先例的禁令由墨西哥城民事事务第十二联邦地区法院发布。法官杰米·埃杜瓦·瓦杜果写了该项法律意见,并将“对环境造成迫在眉睫危害的风险”是该项决定的基础。
The judge’s order also ruled that multinationals like Monsanto and Pioneer are banned from the release of transgenic maize in the Mexican countryside” as long as collective action lawsuits initiated by citizens, farmers, scientists, and civil society organizations are working their way through the judicial system.
法官的命令同时裁决,在公民、农民、科学家与公民社会团体发起的联合法律诉讼做出通过司法系统努力期间,禁止像孟山都与先锋这样的跨国公司在墨西哥乡下释放转基因玉米。
The decision was explained during a press conference in Mexico City yesterday by members of the community-based organizations that sued federal authorities and companies introducing transgenic maize into Mexico.
发起控诉转基因玉米引入墨西哥的联邦政府部门与公司的社区为基础的团体的成员,昨天在墨西哥城举行的新闻发布会上对法院的决定进行了解释。
The group, Acción Colectiva, is led by Father Miguel Concha of the Human Rights Center Fray Francisco de Vittoria; Victor Suarez of ANEC (National Association of Rural Commercialization Entertprises); Dr. Mercedes Lopéz of Vía Organica; and Adelita San Vicente, a teacher and member of Semillas de Vida, a national organization that has been involved in broad-based social action projects to protect Mexico’s extraordinary status as a major world center of food crop biodiversity.
称之为《联合行动》的团体的领导人,Fray Francisco de Vittoria人权中心米格尔·孔查牧师;农村商业企业全国协会(ANEC)的维克多·苏阿雷兹;有机协会的莫西迪斯·罗佩兹,以及阿迪丽塔·圣·维森特,老师与Semillas de Vida成员,涉及保护墨西哥作为粮食作物生物多样性世界中心特别资源广阔社会行动项目一个全国性组织。
According to the press release, Acción Colectiva [Collective Action] aims to achieve absolute federal declaration of the suspension of the introduction of transgenic maize in all its various forms – including experimental and pilot commercial plantings – in Mexico, “which is the birthplace of corn in the world”.
依据新闻稿,《联合行动》的目标是实现联邦宣布在“世界玉米的发源地”墨西哥全境全面禁绝引入转基因玉米的所有形式 – 包括实验性的以及商业化种植先导项目。
This ruling marks a milestone in the long struggle of citizen demands for a GMO-free country, acknowledged Rene Sanchez Galindo, legal counsel for the plaintiffs in the lawsuit, adding that the ruling has serious enforcement provisions and includes the possibility of “criminal charges for the authorities responsible for allowing the introduction of transgenic corn in our country”.
该项裁决成为墨西哥公民实现“无转基因国”要求长期斗争的里程碑,雷尼·山彻斯·伽林多,诉讼原告方的法律补充说,该项裁决有严格的强制性条款,包括“对允许向墨西哥引入转基因玉米负责任的官员提出刑事罪”的可能性。
Father Miguel Concha said the judge’s decision reflects a commitment to respect the Precautionary Principle expressed in various international treaties and statements of human rights. Concha emphasized that the government is obliged to protect the human rights of Mexicans against the economic interests of big business.
米格尔·孔查牧师说,法官的决定反映尊重某些国际协议与人权声明中表达的“预防性原则”的承诺。孔查牧师强调,政府有责任保护墨西哥人民遭到大企业经济利益威胁的人权。
The lawsuit seeks to protect the “human right to save and use the agrobiodiversity of native landraces from the threats posed by GMO maize”, said the human rights advocate.
该项法律诉讼寻求保护“挽救与使用遭到转基因玉米威胁的地方品种的农业生物多样性”,人权活动者强调。
The class action lawsuit is supported by scientific evidence from studies that have – since 2001 – documented the contamination of Mexico’s native corn varieties by transgenes from GMO corn, principally the varieties introduced by Monsanto’s Roundup ready lines and the herbicide-resistant varieties marketed by Pioneer and Bayer CropScience.
该项共同起诉得到2001年以来的研究科学证据的支持 – 它们档案记录了墨西哥当地玉米品种遭到转基因玉米的污染,主要是孟山都引入的抗草甘膦转基因品种以及杜邦先锋与德国拜耳作物科学推销的抗除草剂品种。
参考资料:
农业部官方网站《转基因权威关注》刊载农业部农业转基因生物安全管理办公室2013-04-27造谣文章《国外转基因“事件”有哪些?》:
http://www.moa.gov.cn/ztzl/zjyqwgz/zswd/201304/t20130427_3446865.htm
“(4)关于墨西哥玉米基因污染事件2001年11月,美国加利福尼亚州立大学伯克莱分校的两位研究人员在Nature上发表文章,称在墨西哥南部地区采集的6个玉米地方品种样本中,发现有CaMV35S启动子及与转基因抗虫玉米Bt11中的adhl基因相似的序列。文章发表后受到很多学者的批评,指出其试验方法上有许多错误。一是原测出的CaMV35S启动子,经复查证明是假阳性;二是原测出的adhl基因是玉米中本来就存在的adhlF基因,与转入Bt11玉米中的外源adhlS基因,两者的基因序列完全不同。事后,Nature编辑部发表声明,称“这篇论文证据不充分,不足以证明其结论”。墨西哥小麦玉米改良中心也发表声明指出,经对种质资源库和从田间收集的152份材料的检测,均未发现35S启动子。”
墨西哥玉米转基因污染事件,农业部官员公然撒谎谁来管?
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bb17e9d0102e0u8.html
神话:Chapela检测结果错误;真相:墨西哥玉米转基因污染
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bb17e9d0102e1g4.html
The collection of the growing body of scientific research on the introgression of transgenes into Mexico’s native corn genome has been a principal goal and activity of the national campaign, Sin Maíz, No Hay Paíz [Without Corn, There Is No Country].
搜集到一起的越来越多关于转基因渗入墨西哥当地玉米品种基因组的科学研究,一直是《没有了玉米,就没有了国家》全国性运动的主要目标与活动。
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